Fundamental Rights form the cornerstone of the Indian Constitution, ensuring that every citizen of India enjoys certain basic freedoms and protections against arbitrary actions by the state. These rights are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution and are designed to protect individuals from discrimination, exploitation, and injustice. For anyone preparing for competitive exams or simply looking to understand the Constitution better, it’s crucial to have a solid grasp of the Fundamental Rights.
In this blog post, we have curated a set of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) along with their answers to help you test and expand your knowledge of Fundamental Rights. These questions cover key provisions such as the right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, and more, providing you with a comprehensive understanding of this critical section of the Indian Constitution.
Fundamental Rights MCQs and Answers
1. Which part of the Indian Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights? [MCQ]
a) Part I
b) Part II
c) Part III
d) Part IV
Answer: c) Part III
2. How many Fundamental Rights are guaranteed by the Constitution of India? [MCQ]
a) 5
b) 6
c) 7
d) 8
Answer: b) 6
3. Which Article of the Constitution abolishes “untouchability”? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 15
c) Article 16
d) Article 17
Answer: d) Article 17
4. The Right to Freedom of Religion is provided under which Articles? [MCQ]
a) Articles 25-28
b) Articles 29-30
c) Articles 32-35
d) Articles 19-22
Answer: a) Articles 25-28
5. Which Article is known as the “Right to Equality” clause? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 21
c) Article 32
d) Article 19
Answer: a) Article 14
6. The Right to Constitutional Remedies is guaranteed under which Article? [MCQ]
a) Article 19
b) Article 32
c) Article 14
d) Article 21
Answer: b) Article 32
7. Which of the following rights is NOT a Fundamental Right? [MCQ]
a) Right to Freedom
b) Right to Property
c) Right to Equality
d) Right against Exploitation
Answer: b) Right to Property
8. The Right to Education was added to the list of Fundamental Rights by which Constitutional Amendment? [MCQ]
a) 42nd Amendment
b) 44th Amendment
c) 86th Amendment
d) 91st Amendment
Answer: c) 86th Amendment
9. The right to form associations or unions is provided under which Article? [MCQ]
a) Article 19(1)(a)
b) Article 19(1)(b)
c) Article 19(1)(c)
d) Article 19(1)(d)
Answer: c) Article 19(1)(c)
10. The Protection of Life and Personal Liberty is guaranteed under which Article? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 21
c) Article 25
d) Article 32
Answer: b) Article 21
11. Which Article guarantees the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression? [MCQ]
a) Article 19(1)(a)
b) Article 21
c) Article 25
d) Article 31
Answer: a) Article 19(1)(a)
12. The Right against Exploitation prohibits: [MCQ]
a) Employment of children below 14 years in factories
b) Discrimination on the basis of religion
c) Untouchability
d) Denial of education to minorities
Answer: a) Employment of children below 14 years in factories
13. Freedom of religion is subject to: [MCQ]
a) Public order, morality, and health
b) Only public order
c) Morality alone
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Public order, morality, and health
14. Which of the following Fundamental Rights cannot be suspended during an emergency? [MCQ]
a) Right to Equality
b) Right to Life and Personal Liberty
c) Right to Freedom
d) Right to Property
Answer: b) Right to Life and Personal Liberty
15. Which Article protects the educational and cultural rights of minorities? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 25
c) Article 29
d) Article 32
Answer: c) Article 29
16. Which Article guarantees the right to move freely throughout the territory of India? [MCQ]
a) Article 19(1)(d)
b) Article 21
c) Article 29
d) Article 25
Answer: a) Article 19(1)(d)
17. Who has the power to impose reasonable restrictions on Fundamental Rights in India? [MCQ]
a) President
b) Parliament
c) Supreme Court
d) State governments
Answer: b) Parliament
18. The right to property was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights by which Amendment? [MCQ]
a) 42nd Amendment
b) 44th Amendment
c) 46th Amendment
d) 49th Amendment
Answer: b) 44th Amendment
19. The term “untouchability” in Article 17 refers to: [MCQ]
a) Economic exploitation
b) Caste-based discrimination
c) Gender inequality
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Caste-based discrimination
20. Under Article 19, which right is NOT included? [MCQ]
a) Freedom of speech and expression
b) Freedom to assemble peacefully
c) Right to property
d) Freedom to form associations
Answer: c) Right to property
21. The Right to Constitutional Remedies allows citizens to move directly to which body for enforcement of Fundamental Rights? [MCQ]
a) Lok Sabha
b) High Courts
c) Supreme Court
d) President of India
Answer: c) Supreme Court
22. Which Article provides for the prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor? [MCQ]
a) Article 21
b) Article 23
c) Article 25
d) Article 29
Answer: b) Article 23
23. Article 24 prohibits the employment of children below the age of: [MCQ]
a) 16 years
b) 18 years
c) 14 years
d) 12 years
Answer: c) 14 years
24. The right to “form associations or unions” is given under which clause? [MCQ]
a) Article 19(1)(c)
b) Article 19(1)(a)
c) Article 21
d) Article 15
Answer: a) Article 19(1)(c)
25. Which of the following Fundamental Rights can be restricted on the grounds of “public order”? [MCQ]
a) Right to Equality
b) Right to Freedom of Religion
c) Right to Freedom
d) Right against Exploitation
Answer: c) Right to Freedom
26. Which Article guarantees protection of individual life and personal liberty? [MCQ]
a) Article 32
b) Article 25
c) Article 21
d) Article 29
Answer: c) Article 21
27. In which case did the Supreme Court rule that the Right to Privacy is a part of the Right to Life and Personal Liberty? [MCQ]
a) Keshavananda Bharati Case
b) Golaknath Case
c) Maneka Gandhi Case
d) Puttaswamy Case
Answer: d) Puttaswamy Case
28. Which of the following rights is protected under Article 25? [MCQ]
a) Right to property
b) Freedom of speech
c) Freedom of conscience and religion
d) Right against exploitation
Answer: c) Freedom of conscience and religion
29. The Fundamental Rights are described as “justiciable” because: [MCQ]
a) They are enforced by the Parliament
b) Citizens can move the courts to enforce them
c) The President protects these rights
d) They can only be modified by the judiciary
Answer: b) Citizens can move the courts to enforce them
30. Which Article guarantees the right to “assemble peacefully and without arms”? [MCQ]
a) Article 19(1)(a)
b) Article 19(1)(b)
c) Article 21
d) Article 14
Answer: b) Article 19(1)(b)
31. The term “Secular” in the Indian Constitution implies: [MCQ]
a) State religion is Hinduism
b) No official religion; equal treatment of all religions
c) Freedom to profess a single religion
d) Religious practices are forbidden
Answer: b) No official religion; equal treatment of all religions
32. Which Article prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 15
c) Article 17
d) Article 19
Answer: b) Article 15
33. Which of the following Articles protect the educational rights of minorities? [MCQ]
a) Article 19
b) Article 26
c) Article 29 and Article 30
d) Article 32
Answer: c) Article 29 and Article 30
34. Which Article provides the freedom to practice, profess, and propagate religion? [MCQ]
a) Article 25
b) Article 26
c) Article 27
d) Article 28
Answer: a) Article 25
35. The Supreme Court of India has held that Fundamental Rights are: [MCQ]
a) Inalienable and cannot be restricted
b) Absolute and unrestricted
c) Not absolute and can be restricted on reasonable grounds
d) Optional for the state to enforce
Answer: c) Not absolute and can be restricted on reasonable grounds
36. The right to reside and settle in any part of India is guaranteed under: [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 15
c) Article 19(1)(e)
d) Article 21
Answer: c) Article 19(1)(e)
37. Which of the following rights does NOT fall under the Right to Equality? [MCQ]
a) Equality before law
b) Right against discrimination
c) Right to equal pay
d) Right to freedom of speech
Answer: d) Right to freedom of speech
38. Fundamental Rights are enforceable against: [MCQ]
a) Private individuals only
b) Government only
c) Both government and private individuals (in certain cases)
d) Judicial bodies only
Answer: c) Both government and private individuals (in certain cases)
39. Which of the following is NOT a Right to Freedom under Article 19? [MCQ]
a) Freedom of speech and expression
b) Freedom to move freely throughout the country
c) Right to property
d) Freedom to practice any profession
Answer: c) Right to property
40. Which Article allows the state to impose reasonable restrictions on the right to freedom in the interests of sovereignty and integrity of India? [MCQ]
a) Article 15
b) Article 19
c) Article 21
d) Article 14
Answer: b) Article 19
41. Which of the following rights is directly linked to the protection of life and liberty under the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Right to Equality
b) Right to Freedom
c) Right against Exploitation
d) Right to Life and Personal Liberty
Answer: d) Right to Life and Personal Liberty
42. The Constitution of India prohibits discrimination on the grounds of: [MCQ]
a) Race, religion, caste, sex, and place of birth
b) Caste and sex only
c) Race and religion only
d) Age and income
Answer: a) Race, religion, caste, sex, and place of birth
43. The protection of minority rights, including the right to establish and administer educational institutions, is enshrined in which Article of the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Article 29
b) Article 30
c) Article 25
d) Article 19
Answer: b) Article 30
44. The Right to Privacy was declared a Fundamental Right by the Supreme Court in which year? [MCQ]
a) 2016
b) 2018
c) 2019
d) 2020
Answer: b) 2018
45. Under which Article is the protection of individual rights during an emergency guaranteed? [MCQ]
a) Article 21
b) Article 22
c) Article 19
d) Article 32
Answer: b) Article 22
46. Which of the following Articles deals with the protection of personal freedom against arbitrary arrest and detention? [MCQ]
a) Article 19
b) Article 21
c) Article 22
d) Article 14
Answer: c) Article 22
47. Which of the following rights is guaranteed under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Right to education for children
b) Right to life and liberty
c) Right to equality before law
d) Right to practice any profession
Answer: a) Right to education for children
48. The term “equal pay for equal work” is included in which of the following Articles? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 15
c) Article 39(d)
d) Article 16
Answer: c) Article 39(d)
49. Which of the following rights is protected by Article 19 of the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Right to property
b) Right to freedom of speech and expression
c) Right to practice any profession
d) All of the above
Answer: b) Right to freedom of speech and expression
50. Which Fundamental Right was suspended during the Emergency (1975-77) in India? [MCQ]
a) Right to Life and Personal Liberty
b) Right to Equality
c) Right to Freedom of Religion
d) Right to Education
Answer: a) Right to Life and Personal Liberty
51. The Constitution of India grants the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression to all citizens under which Article? [MCQ]
a) Article 19(1)(a)
b) Article 21
c) Article 22
d) Article 14
Answer: a) Article 19(1)(a)
52. Under which Article can a person approach the Supreme Court or High Court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 19
c) Article 32
d) Article 22
Answer: c) Article 32
53. Which of the following is NOT a restriction imposed on the right to freedom of speech and expression under Article 19? [MCQ]
a) Sovereignty and integrity of India
b) Public order
c) Defamation
d) Right to dissent
Answer: d) Right to dissent
54. Article 21 of the Constitution guarantees which of the following? [MCQ]
a) Right to privacy
b) Right to education
c) Right to life and personal liberty
d) Right to freedom of speech
Answer: c) Right to life and personal liberty
55. The Fundamental Rights in India are given priority over: [MCQ]
a) Directive Principles of State Policy
b) Duties of Citizens
c) Emergency Provisions
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Directive Principles of State Policy
56. The term “Exploitation” in the context of Fundamental Rights refers to: [MCQ]
a) Prohibition of child labor
b) Prohibition of forced labor
c) Prohibition of human trafficking
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
57. The Supreme Court’s power to review laws that violate Fundamental Rights is derived from: [MCQ]
a) Judicial review
b) Legislative authority
c) Executive orders
d) Parliamentary intervention
Answer: a) Judicial review
58. The Right to Property was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights by which Constitutional Amendment? [MCQ]
a) 44th Amendment
b) 42nd Amendment
c) 73rd Amendment
d) 86th Amendment
Answer: a) 44th Amendment
59. The Constitution of India grants freedom of trade, commerce, and intercourse under which Article? [MCQ]
a) Article 18
b) Article 19(1)(g)
c) Article 21
d) Article 29
Answer: b) Article 19(1)(g)
60. The protection of rights regarding educational institutions established by minorities is granted under which Article? [MCQ]
a) Article 29
b) Article 30
c) Article 25
d) Article 31
Answer: b) Article 30
61. Which of the following rights is covered under the Right to Freedom of Religion in India? [MCQ]
a) Right to practice religion of choice
b) Right to propagate one’s religion
c) Right to manage religious affairs
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
62. Under which Article of the Indian Constitution can a person be deprived of their life or liberty by the procedure established by law? [MCQ]
a) Article 19
b) Article 20
c) Article 21
d) Article 22
Answer: c) Article 21
63. Which of the following is NOT a limitation of the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression? [MCQ]
a) Public order
b) Defamation
c) Security of the state
d) Free access to the internet
Answer: d) Free access to the internet
64. The term “Habeas Corpus” relates to the protection of: [MCQ]
a) Personal liberty
b) Property rights
c) Right to education
d) Right to equality
Answer: a) Personal liberty
65. The Right to Education under Article 21A applies to children in the age group of: [MCQ]
a) 6 to 14 years
b) 6 to 18 years
c) 5 to 16 years
d) 3 to 12 years
Answer: a) 6 to 14 years
66. Which of the following is a key provision of Article 23 of the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Protection of life and liberty
b) Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor
c) Right to freedom of speech
d) Right to equality before law
Answer: b) Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor
67. Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees: [MCQ]
a) Right to freedom of speech and expression
b) Right to life and personal liberty
c) Right to privacy
d) Right against discrimination
Answer: a) Right to freedom of speech and expression
68. Under which Article of the Indian Constitution are “reasonable restrictions” imposed on the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression? [MCQ]
a) Article 18
b) Article 19
c) Article 20
d) Article 21
Answer: b) Article 19
69. The Right to Constitutional Remedies is guaranteed under which Article? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 32
c) Article 21
d) Article 33
Answer: b) Article 32
70. Which of the following is NOT a “justiciable” right under the Fundamental Rights? [MCQ]
a) Right to Equality
b) Right to Life and Liberty
c) Right to Social Security
d) Right to Education
Answer: c) Right to Social Security
71. Which Article guarantees the protection of rights regarding the protection of life, liberty, and property during an emergency? [MCQ]
a) Article 21
b) Article 22
c) Article 23
d) Article 24
Answer: b) Article 22
72. In the case of a conflict between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy, which prevails? [MCQ]
a) Fundamental Rights
b) Directive Principles
c) Both are equal
d) It depends on the case
Answer: a) Fundamental Rights
73. The right to “reside and settle in any part of India” is guaranteed under which Article of the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Article 15
b) Article 19(1)(e)
c) Article 29
d) Article 21
Answer: b) Article 19(1)(e)
74. Which of the following rights was added to the Fundamental Rights through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act? [MCQ]
a) Right to education (Article 21A)
b) Right to property (Article 31)
c) Right to freedom of speech
d) Right to privacy
Answer: a) Right to education (Article 21A)
75. The Right to Equality includes the prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of: [MCQ]
a) Religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth
b) Social status, income, and education
c) Age and health
d) Religion, social status, and education
Answer: a) Religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth
76. Under which Article does the Constitution provide for the protection of the interests of minorities in relation to their culture, language, and script? [MCQ]
a) Article 29
b) Article 30
c) Article 31
d) Article 32
Answer: a) Article 29
77. Which of the following Fundamental Rights is provided under Article 17 of the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Right to equality
b) Right to education
c) Abolition of untouchability
d) Right to privacy
Answer: c) Abolition of untouchability
78. Which of the following is a limitation on the Right to Freedom of Speech under Article 19? [MCQ]
a) Public health and morality
b) Right to life and liberty
c) Right to religion
d) Right to freedom of movement
Answer: a) Public health and morality
79. The term “constitutional morality” refers to: [MCQ]
a) Respecting the Constitution’s provisions and ideals
b) The moral values of the society
c) The principles of democracy
d) The teachings of the Constitution on religion
Answer: a) Respecting the Constitution’s provisions and ideals
80. Which of the following statements about the Right to Life under Article 21 is NOT true? [MCQ]
a) Right to Life includes the right to live with dignity
b) It includes the right to protection from torture
c) It includes the right to education
d) It guarantees protection of property
Answer: d) It guarantees protection of property
81. Which of the following Fundamental Rights is protected under Article 25 of the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Right to freedom of speech and expression
b) Right to religious freedom
c) Right to life and liberty
d) Right to freedom of trade
Answer: b) Right to religious freedom
82. Which of the following is a non-justiciable right under the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Right to equality
b) Right to education
c) Right to cultural and educational rights
d) Right to work
Answer: d) Right to work
83. The protection of the Right to Property is now a part of which category after the 44th Amendment? [MCQ]
a) Fundamental Rights
b) Directive Principles of State Policy
c) Fundamental Duties
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Directive Principles of State Policy
84. Which of the following Articles guarantees the protection of rights to minorities in relation to their religion and culture? [MCQ]
a) Article 25
b) Article 29
c) Article 30
d) Article 15
Answer: c) Article 30
85. The Constitution allows “reasonable restrictions” on the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression under: [MCQ]
a) Article 18
b) Article 19(2)
c) Article 21
d) Article 20
Answer: b) Article 19(2)
86. The term “Public Order” can be used as a restriction on which of the following Fundamental Rights? [MCQ]
a) Right to Education
b) Right to Freedom of Speech
c) Right to Privacy
d) Right to Freedom of Religion
Answer: b) Right to Freedom of Speech
87. Article 23 of the Constitution prohibits: [MCQ]
a) Forced labor and human trafficking
b) Discrimination based on caste
c) Employment discrimination based on sex
d) Child labor
Answer: a) Forced labor and human trafficking
88. Which of the following rights is ensured under Article 19(1)(d) of the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Right to freedom of speech
b) Right to reside and settle in any part of India
c) Right to move freely throughout India
d) Right to form associations
Answer: c) Right to move freely throughout India
89. Which Article of the Indian Constitution allows the State to impose restrictions on the rights of citizens in the interest of sovereignty and integrity of India? [MCQ]
a) Article 19(1)(a)
b) Article 19(2)
c) Article 19(3)
d) Article 19(5)
Answer: b) Article 19(2)
90. The Right to Constitutional Remedies under Article 32 allows the citizens to: [MCQ]
a) Approach only the High Courts for enforcement of rights
b) Approach only the Supreme Court for enforcement of rights
c) Approach either the Supreme Court or High Court for enforcement of rights
d) File a petition for the amendment of the Constitution
Answer: b) Approach only the Supreme Court for enforcement of rights
91. The Constitution allows the suspension of which Fundamental Rights during a national emergency? [MCQ]
a) Right to Freedom of Religion
b) Right to Equality
c) Right to Freedom of Speech
d) Right to Life and Personal Liberty
Answer: d) Right to Life and Personal Liberty
92. Which of the following rights is included in the Right to Freedom of Religion? [MCQ]
a) Right to propagate any religion
b) Right to convert others to a religion
c) Right to be protected from forced conversion
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
93. Which of the following provisions restricts the freedom of movement in India? [MCQ]
a) National Security
b) Protection of National Integrity
c) Protection of Public Health
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
94. The right to work is a part of which category of rights in India? [MCQ]
a) Fundamental Rights
b) Directive Principles of State Policy
c) Fundamental Duties
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Directive Principles of State Policy
95. Which of the following rights is NOT available to non-citizens under the Indian Constitution? [MCQ]
a) Right to Equality
b) Right to Freedom of Speech
c) Right to Religious Freedom
d) Right to Vote
Answer: d) Right to Vote
96. The prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex is a part of which Article? [MCQ]
a) Article 14
b) Article 15
c) Article 16
d) Article 17
Answer: b) Article 15
97. Under which Article of the Indian Constitution is the abolition of untouchability provided? [MCQ]
a) Article 17
b) Article 18
c) Article 15
d) Article 19
Answer: a) Article 17
98. Which of the following Articles allows the imposition of “reasonable restrictions” on the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression? [MCQ]
a) Article 18
b) Article 19(2)
c) Article 21
d) Article 32
Answer: b) Article 19(2)
99. Which of the following Fundamental Rights was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment? [MCQ]
a) Right to Education (Article 21A)
b) Right to Equality (Article 14)
c) Right to Privacy (Article 21)
d) Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25)
Answer: a) Right to Education (Article 21A)
100. Which of the following is an example of the “right to cultural and educational rights” guaranteed under Articles 29 and 30? [MCQ]
a) Right to establish and administer educational institutions
b) Right to equality before the law
c) Right to life and personal liberty
d) Right to privacy
Answer: a) Right to establish and administer educational institutions
The Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution serve as the bedrock of individual freedoms and a democratic society. They guarantee citizens protection from state overreach and promote fairness and justice in every aspect of life. By engaging with these MCQs, you not only assess your understanding of these rights but also enhance your preparation for exams that test your knowledge of constitutional law.
We hope this collection of MCQs has been helpful in deepening your comprehension of Fundamental Rights. If you found this post useful, don’t hesitate to share it with your friends and fellow learners. Keep exploring more topics related to the Indian Constitution, and stay tuned for more insightful resources on our blog!
FAQs on Fundamental Rights
1. What are Fundamental Rights?
Answer: Fundamental Rights are a set of basic human rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India. They are enshrined in Part III (Articles 12-35) of the Constitution and are meant to protect the individual from discrimination and injustice, ensuring that all citizens have the opportunity to live with dignity and equality. These rights are enforceable by courts, and any violation can be challenged in a court of law.
2. How many Fundamental Rights are there in the Indian Constitution?
Answer: Originally, the Indian Constitution had seven Fundamental Rights, but this was reduced to six after the 44th Amendment (1978). These are:
- Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)
- Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
- Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)
- Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)
- Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)
- Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
3. Can Fundamental Rights be suspended?
Answer: Yes, Fundamental Rights can be suspended during a state of emergency. Under Article 359 of the Indian Constitution, the President can suspend the enforcement of certain Fundamental Rights, except for the Right to Life and Personal Liberty under Article 21. However, the suspension of rights must be in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution.
4. What is the Right to Equality?
Answer: The Right to Equality is enshrined in Articles 14 to 18 of the Constitution and ensures that all citizens are treated equally before the law. It prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth and provides equal opportunities in matters of public employment. It also abolishes untouchability and titles (except military and academic distinctions).
5. What does the Right to Freedom entail?
Answer: The Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22) guarantees various freedoms to the citizens of India, including:
- Freedom of speech and expression
- Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms
- Freedom to form associations or unions
- Freedom to move freely within the territory of India
- Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India
- Freedom to practice any profession, or carry on any occupation, trade, or business
This right is subject to reasonable restrictions imposed by the government in the interest of public order, security, and morality.
6. What is the Right against Exploitation?
Answer: The Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24) prohibits all forms of human trafficking, forced labor, and child labor. Article 23 specifically prohibits trafficking of human beings and begar (forced labor), while Article 24 prohibits the employment of children under the age of 14 in factories, mines, or hazardous jobs.
7. What is the significance of Article 32 (Right to Constitutional Remedies)?
Answer: Article 32 of the Indian Constitution provides the right to constitutional remedies, which allows individuals to move the Supreme Court of India if they believe their Fundamental Rights have been violated. This article is often called the “heart and soul” of the Indian Constitution because it empowers citizens to seek justice and ensures the protection of their Fundamental Rights.
8. Can the Fundamental Rights be amended?
Answer: Yes, Fundamental Rights can be amended, but only under specific conditions. The Constitution provides for amendments through Article 368, but any amendment must be consistent with the basic structure of the Constitution. The Supreme Court of India, in several judgments, has ruled that certain provisions of the Fundamental Rights are “basic” and cannot be altered by Parliament.