Temperature inversion is a phenomenon where the normal decrease of air temperature with altitude is reversed, resulting in a layer of warmer air overlying a layer of cooler air. This inversion layer acts as a lid, trapping pollutants near the surface and leading to poor air quality.
Types of Temperature Inversions
- Radiation Inversion:
- Occurs on clear, calm nights when the Earth’s surface cools rapidly, cooling the air in contact with it.
- The air above remains warmer, creating a temperature inversion.
- Subsidence Inversion:
- Occurs when a large mass of high-pressure air sinks towards the Earth’s surface.
- As the air descends, it compresses and warms, forming a warm layer aloft.
- Frontal Inversion:
- Forms at the boundary between two air masses with different temperatures and densities.
- The warmer air mass overrides the cooler air mass, creating an inversion layer.
Impacts of Temperature Inversions
- Air Pollution: Trapped pollutants can accumulate, leading to smog and poor air quality.
- Reduced Visibility: Fog and haze can reduce visibility, affecting transportation and other activities.
- Health Risks: Exposure to pollutants can cause respiratory problems, heart disease, and other health issues.
- Climate Change: Temperature inversions can exacerbate the greenhouse effect by trapping heat near the surface.
Mitigation Strategies
- Reducing Emissions: Implementing stricter emission standards for vehicles and industries.
- Promoting Renewable Energy: Shifting to cleaner energy sources to reduce air pollution.
- Urban Planning: Designing cities to improve air circulation and reduce pollution.
- Public Awareness: Educating the public about the causes and impacts of air pollution.
By understanding the causes and impacts of temperature inversions, we can take steps to mitigate their effects and improve air quality.